Comment fabriquer son propre gel hydroalcoolique maison ?

Les solutions hydroalcooliques sont préconisées pour éliminer les bactéries et les virus, notamment lors d’épidémies telles que la grippe ou le Covid-19. Voici la recette pour fabriquer sa propre solution hydroalcoolique, à utiliser toutefois avec quelques précautions.

Depuis le début de l’épidémie du coronavirus, les ventes de produit hydroalcoolique ont triplé et de nombreuses pharmacies et magasins se trouvent en rupture de stock. En cas de pénurie, ou simplement pour faire des économies, vous pouvez suivre la recette de l’Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) et fabriquer vous-même votre solution hydroalcoolique. Destinée en priorité aux professionnels de la pharmacie, elle est cependant assez simple à appliquer chez soi.

Fabriquer son gel hydroalcoolique : les ingrédients de base

Il faut de l’alcool qui tue les virus et bactéries, de l’eau oxygénée (ou péroxyde d’hydroène) qui élimine les spores bactériennes potentiellement présentes dans les flacons — mais qui n’a aucune action antiseptique sur la peau — , et du glycérol qui agit comme émollient et humectant. D’autres adoucissants peuvent être utilisés en remplacement du glycérol, comme par exemple de l’aloe vera. Tous ces ingrédients sont disponibles en droguerie ou sur demande en pharmacie.

Attention : l’OMS précise que seuls des produits destinés spécifiquement à un emploi pharmaceutique (et non des produits industriels) doivent être utilisés. Le péroxyde d’hydrogène est par ailleurs corrosif à des concentrations supérieures à 3-6 %. Méfiez-vous aussi des flacons d’alcool vendus dans le commerce, dont la concentration est souvent inférieure à 70 %.

Voici les quantités pour obtenir un litre de solution hydroalcoolique :

  • 833 ml d’alcool (éthanol 96 % ou isopropanol 99,8 %) ;
  • 41,7 ml d’eau oxygénée (péroxyde d’hydrogène 3 %) ;
  • 14,5 ml de glycérine (glycérol 98 %) ;
  • eau distillée ou bouillie pour compléter.
Plus de gel hydroalcoolique en rayon ? Pas de panique, il est possible de le fabriquer soi-même. © Pixel-Shot, Adobe Stock
Fabriquer son gel hydroalcoolique : les étapes

Les proportions peuvent légèrement varier, mais la concentration en alcool doit rester supérieure à 60 % ; plus la concentration en alcool est élevée, plus la solution hydroalcoolique sera efficace.

  • Versez l’alcool dans un récipient gradué.
  • Ajoutez l’eau oxygénée, puis le glycérol (ce dernier étant visqueux, vous pouvez utiliser une partie de l’eau distillée pour rincer le récipient avec lequel vous l’avez versé).
  • Complétez avec l’eau distillée restante.
  • Répartissez immédiatement la solution dans plusieurs flacons bien fermés pour éviter l’évaporation.
  • Attendez au minimum 72 heures avant d’utiliser votre gel hydroalcoolique afin que le péroxyde d’hydrogène agisse.
  • Pensez à bien étiqueter vos flacons et à les garder hors de portée des enfants.

Si vous n’êtes pas tenté de jouer au petit chimiste, lavez-vous tout simplement les mains avec de l’eau et du savon : c’est encore plus efficace que le gel hydroalcoolique contre la propagation des épidémies.

Source: futura-sciences

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