Comment éviter les coups d’État en Afrique ?

Des militaires en uniforme ont affirmé lundi (24 janvier) dans la soirée à la Radiodiffusion Télévision du Burkina avoir pris le pouvoir et mis fin aux fonctions du président Roch Marc Christian Kaboré.

Le capitaine Kader Ouedraogo, entouré d’une quinzaine de militaires qui a lu le communiqué a annoncé dans la foulée, la création du Mouvement patriotique pour la sauvegarde et la restauration (MPSR) « qui regroupe toutes les composantes des forces de défense et de sécurité. »

Le colonel Paul-Henri Sandaogo DamibaLe colonel Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba

Dans la foulée, le nouvel homme fort du pays,  le lieutenant-colonel Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba,  a ordonné la fermeture des frontières terrestres et aériennes (rouverte entre temps)  la dissolution du gouvernement et de l’Assemblée nationale par ailleurs la constitution est  « suspendue ».

Ce coup d’état, le sixième en seulement un an et demi, est intervenu après celui du Mali, de la Guinée, du Tchad, du Soudan.

L’Afrique noire francophone et les putschs

L’Afrique est un continent habitué aux putsch militaires.  Lors d’un séminaire organisé en octobre 2021, les chercheurs de l‘Institut d’études de sécurité ont affirmé qu‘entre 1951 et la mi-2020, plus de 90 coups d’État ont été perpétrés.

Durant cette période, seuls 30 dirigeants en exercice ont été destitués pacifiquement par leurs adversaires politiques lors d’élections. En moins de 13 mois à partir du 18 août 2020, quatre coups d’État se sont produits. Deux ont été menés au Mali, en août 2020 et en mai 2021, un au Tchad, en mai 2021, et un en Guinée, en septembre 2021. 

Qu’est-ce qui explique ces nombreuses prises de pouvoir par les armes sur le continent ? Comment faire pour qu’il n’en soit plus ainsi ?

Nous en débattons cette s

Le général Abdel Fattah al-Burhan à la tête de la transition au SoudanLe général Abdel Fattah al-Burhan à la tête de la transition au Soudan

emaine sous l’Arbre à Palabre avec nos invités :

 – Jean-François Akandji-Kombé, professeur de droit public à l’Ecole de droit de la Sorbonne, Paris

 – Vincent Hugeux, journaliste indépendant, essayiste et enseignant à Sciences-Po. Il a à son actif plusieurs ouvrages.

 – Mamadou Aliou Barry dirige à Conakry le Centre d’analyse et d’études stratégiques (CAES).

 Cliquez sur l’audio (en haut), pour écouter l’interview.

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